NG200403008

CROMWELL AND THE ARMY ARE THE CHILDREN OF ISRAEL INTRODUCTION Discourse analysis cannot only be subjected to the analysis of grammatical, discursive and pragmatic structures. Cognitive structures also convey meaning which arises from personal experience 1 . The main aim of this paper is to analyse some of the most basic cognitive models found in Oliver Cromwell’s speeches: conceptual metaphors and image-schematic structures. We will see how a large amount of the cognitive models found in Cromwell’s speeches are rooted in the Bible. At the same time, we would like to underline the importance of creating a common field of research consisting of some of the most relevant experiential theories of cognitive linguistics, mainly those of George Lakoff and Mark Johnson, and the socio-discursive approach provided by some of the Critical Discourse Analysis theories 2 . In that way, we could create a global understanding of language, society and cognition. We have chosen four speeches made by Cromwell between 1648-1654 3 . Conceptual metaphors and image-schematic structures will be analysed according to Lakoff and Johnson theoretical models 4 . We will pay special attention to container image-scheme and its overlap with other schematic structures such as: link , centre- periphery or verticality schemata. In relation to metaphor we will look at the religious metaphors which conceptualise God as an owner , as a member of the army , as a dealer , as an employer , or as a father . In addition, we will see how those religious metaphors are 1 Cf. M. J OHNSON , The Body in the Mind (Chicago 1987). 2 Cf. N. L. F AIRCLOUGH , Language and Power (London 1989). T. A. V AN D IJK , Ideology: a Multidisciplinary Approach (London 1998). 3 Cf. I. R OOTSED , Speeches of Oliver Cromwell (London 1989). 4 Cf. M. J OHNSON , The Body in the Mind (Chicago 1987); G. L AKOFF -M. J OHNSON . Metaphors We Live By (Chicago 1980).