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58 CHINESE MUSIC. Confucian worship it is requiTed only in the "Guiding March." It is to be seen sometimes at wedding and funeral processions, but it appears there simply for form's sake; the hired coolie who has charge of it for the occasion strikes pitilessly right and left, without regard for the tune his companions are playing. The specimen he carries is also very often a worthless one. It has become exceedingly difficult to find a yun-lo capable of giving a satisfactory gamut; besides, the pitch is not uniform, so that two yun -los rarely agree. The scale is orclinn.rily C, D, E, F, G, A, B, C, D, E, or, in Chinese notes, --8-, fill , G, ..t, R, I , }L, 1', Ji, 1L- The relative positions of the notes in the frame may be represented by numbers as follows :- ro 9 8 7 4 5 6 3 2 I No. I 5.- The Po ({ij), or " cymbals," are made on exactly the same principle as our Western instrument. They are said to have come originally from India.1 The use of them is most conspicuous (and particularly disagreeable to foreigners) at theat .- 1 . 1 . n ca performances After a quotation, a command, a verse, etc., t 1e cymbals give 10 or 15 notes in , .d . · · 1 · · · . Iapi succession and as the actor o-enerally speaks m a fa setto, rm1tat1ve voice the words are alm . . ' • b . ' ost maud1ble. ~o. 16.-The Feng-ling COO~), or "wrnd bells," are small bells hung t th . f h. h l · a e eaves ot houses and pagodas, the clappers o w ic , 1avmg streamers attached are swu b . · T' (Eli") d t th j'' z· ' ng Y the wmd Dmino- the trme of the ang /5 ynas Y e eng- ing was suspended in th . . · 0 e exammat10n halls. 2 No. 17.-The Hao-t'ung (~ ffi) is a long cylindrical instrument havin l"d• h d f. , · I g a 8 1 ma- tube -which can be drawn out w en wante o1 use. n arrano-ement and £ , . . o ' ' • ' r, ' • • b . OI ID It l S not unlike a telescope, but of much la1ger diameter. I hern am two distmct varieties. The first . instruments of different sizes made of wood and covered on the outside .tl comprises w1 l copper; they are exclusively used at funeral processions, antl emit only one long gr· ave note h" h · h long distance. The second variety includes instruments made f ' w 1c 1s eard at a ili o copper onl th less diameter than the first and are used for m tary purposes. · Y; ey are of a 1 Compare with the Hebrew Metzillotb. 2 N . B. DEXXYI', "Journal of the North-China Branch of the Roy:i.1 As" f S . 1a lC ' OCJ.ety, 1874."