BCCPAM000M29-5-25000000000000

50 CHINESE MUSI C. Formerly the ize of the stones was in a gradually diminishing progression, following the dein:ees of the scale of the liis. The number of stones has also not always been the same. The , an~ient Chinese used 16 stones ;. the Hans, I 9; the Liang, 2 I ; the Wei, 24 ; the Northern Chou, 14 ; the Ming, 24 . K 'ANG Hsr reverted to t~e old custom, which, besides, had been the one prevalent during the Chin (~ ), Sung(*)., Ch'1 (~), and Sui (II) dynasties.I The music for the pien-ch'i?'lg is expressed by means of the names of the 12 liis, but only the first syllable of each name is used, as hua11g, instead of hiiang-chiing ; ta, instead of ta-liiJ, etc. In ancient times the 16 stones represented the sounds of the 12 orilinary lus u.nd of the.first fom !us of the acute series. The ~resen~dynasty has abolished the four acute lus (the four ffl (ch'ing) as they were called), and m thell' p:ace the four lus immediately below hucmg– chung have been selected ; these are called fff (pei), that is, double. The scale of the pien– ch'ing is actually as follows :- Upper Column. Lower Column. l ~ I 5. ~ l 3, ~ l I. Mi 9. :{c 7. ]{ 5, Wu. I. T'ai. H iiang. c) V fff I ~ . P ei-i. V ~ -o- b=e: !J!.i. 16 . jfj 14. ~ 12. 11P 10. ~ 8. * 6. f{f 4. fff 2 . ' The notes of the upper column correspond to the yang liis. Y ing. N am. Lin. Chung. Ghia. J/!!:. ifj Ta. P e11,-ying. P ei -ncin. The notes of the _,• lower column : e9 D ~ correspond to l £; D ff O #-e- c',T' the yin liis. To illustrate fur ther the notation of the pien-ch'ing's mus· I _-o--h . • . d • fi ic, give ere the part which t his instrumen t has to perform mmg the rst strophe of the Hy t C mn O ONFUCIUS :- HiW,ng-chang is to be the key-note and the Double 1-t A • b . . ze 18 to ea-m the air· V V ~ t> • * ~\ I I I B I !FI B I I I t ~ !I{ ~ ~ ; ...... 11{ ~ - ~-0- -e- 0 b-e- 0 -e- 0 - i: .?Ill i: -u.- ~ :k ~ :k 11{ J,S I... ( 121 J ... L. 1,21 I I I ~ ~ ~ b-e- -s-- o -e- :t Mi Mi !llJ jtii£(1P1 j jvjJ 11 !vl : : =~: b-e ~ o be- -e- o -e- b~ m ~ :,q; (The sign V means that the Chinese equivalent note is nearly J.. . 1\: ~ Mi Mi by the Westem note. The /\ means that it ~ston: higher th,ln the sound represented ne, 1 rly t tone lower.)