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FR. ARCHANGEL OF PEMBROKE AND GROTIUS 321 and frequented that select circle which met at the home of Ma– dame Acarie. There he met Berulie, and is was through his friendship with the Marquise de Maignelay that he was introduced to the Arnaulds 28 • Perhaps the main memory of Father Archangel centres round his work for Mere Angelique Arnauld and the nuns at Port– Royal. His letters to the young Abbess abound in good sense and geniality and his wise counsels to her span the truly golden age of Port-Royal. From Sainte-Beuve to our own day Father Archangel has been seen as preparing the young Abbess for her meeting with St. Francis de Sales whose counsels to the Abbess his own so resemble 2 ' 9 • Years after her independent mind had gone beyond the prudent guidance of the friar, she was to recall his help with gratitude. In 1652 she said of him: « Un des directeurs qui m'a plus aidee qu'aucun des premiers a ete le P. Archange, Capucin, qui avait une charite extraordinaire pour moi, dont je tachais de ne lui etre point ingrate. C'etait un homme d'ex– cellent esprit, d'une mine venerable et majesteuse, et digne de la grandeur de sa naissance » 30 • Port-Royal was only one of a great number of religious houses reformed in France during the first decades of the . seventeenth century. Father Archangel worked for the improvement of others notably at the Abbeys of Montivilliers and Saint-Paul-les-Beauvais. He was most successful in this work 31 • However, we must be content England prisoner a very honest man ». This evidently refers to Benet of Canfield who returned about that time lo France after his imprisonment in England (cf. OPTAT DE VEGHEL, op. cit., 162). Moreover, Benet is reported lo have been Guardian at Montfort in 1603 (cf. PHILIPPE DE PARIS, O.F.M.Cap., Chronologie historique, Bib!. Nalionale, Paris, ms. Ponds fram;. 25044, f.188). For further reports on Father Archangel see Public Record Office, S.P. 15/34/122; Calendar of State Papers, Domestic series of the reign of Queen Elizabeth (1598- 1601), London 1869, p.145. Cf. P. GUJLDAY, The English Catholic Refugees on the Continent, 1558-1795, London 1914, 16. 2s J. CALVET, Histoire de la litterature frarn;aise. V: La litttirature religieuse de Fran– <;ois de Sales a Fenelon. Paris 1938, 92; L. COGNET, La Reforme de Port-Royal, 1591-1618, Paris 1950, 126; UBALD o'ArnN90N, art. cit., 55; L.C. SHEPPARD, Barbe Acarie, Wife and Mystic, Lon– don 1953, 65; J. DAGENS, Correspondance du Cardinal Pierre de Berulie II, Paris-Louvain 1937, 197, 450-451; J. ORCIBAL, op. cit., 240 n.2. 2!l C.A. SArNTE-BEUVE, Port-Royal I, Paris 1840, 192; C. GAZIER, Flistoire du 1nonastere de Port-Royal, Paris 1929, 28; L. C0GNnT, op. cit., 128; H. WAACH, Angelique Jlrnauld, in Mystische Theologie, Jiihrbuch 1956, Klosterncuburg [1955], 71-76. For the text of the letters of Father Archangel to Mere Angelique Arnaulcl see UBALD n'ALEN~0N, art. cit., 57-62, 249-265, 665-679. 30 L. CoGNET, op. cit., 127-128. For an account of Father Archangel's work at Port Royal see especially L. CoGNET, op. cit., 125-191. For his influence on Mere Agnes, the sister of Mere Angelique, see J. FRENCKEN, Agnes Jlrnauld, Nijmcgen-Utrecht 1932, 17-40; H. BREMOND, llistoire litteraire du sentiment religieux en France IV, Paris 1920, 138-187, 241. 3l E. DUMONT - A. MARTIN, Hist.oire de la ville de Montivilliers II, Fecamp 1886, 88-89; L. DELADREUE, Histoire du monastere de S. Paul-les-Beauvais, in Memoires de la Societe acade– mique d'archeologie, sciences et arts du departement de l'Oise, t.VI , 1865, p.145-147. There, M. Delaclreue states: « Le noviciat fut reconstitue sur de nouvelles bases, et d'apres Jes avis du